surface

As the Arctic warms at a faster rate than the rest of the planet, Earth’s overall surface becomes less reflective and thereby increases the absorption of solar radiation.

One of campaigners' main concerns in regards to landmines is the danger these weapons present to civilians, killing indiscriminately as they are buried underground or scattered on the surface.

Greater cell density induces stress that leads to a quicker breakdown of not only synNotch in particular, but also cell surface sensors in general.

In atmospheric science, the boundary layer of the atmosphere is the region closest to the Earth's surface.

For example, drought prompts plants to thicken the waxy cuticle layer on leaf surfaces.