strong nuclear force

The Standard Model encompasses four forces: the strong nuclear force, the weak nuclear force, the electromagnetic force, and the gravitational force.

The standard model describes how these particles and their antiparticles interact through three forces: electromagnetism, the strong nuclear force that binds quarks, and the weak nuclear force that enables quarks and other particles to decay and change type.

It’s currently understood more widely that when fundamental forces of nature began to splinter off from each other during the Big Bang — creating gravity, electromagnetism, strong nuclear force and weak nuclear force — that splintering was not straightforward, but included some transitional states.

To unlock how elements are forged, the physics of neutron stars and more, scientists need to better understand this strong nuclear force, says Takashi Nakamura, a physicist at the Tokyo Institute of Technology.

Mr. Kim’s failed diplomacy with Mr. Trump left him convinced that “regardless of which party took power in Washington, the United States had no intention to bargain with North Korea” and that “securing a strong nuclear force was the only way for the North to counter its pressure and threat,” Chung Sung-Yoon, a research fellow at the Korea Institute for National Unification in Seoul, said in a paper last month.