standard deviation

The magnitudes of the changes were calculated in terms of standard deviations, which are used in statistics to convey how tightly a group of data points is clustered together.

"Our study proposed a simple yet objective method for determining hotspots using standard deviation values. This is the first time that this has been done."

Above eight standard deviations is considered “very high.”

Funds' bonds allocation in November soared 18 points over the month to leave them net 19% overweight - almost 3 standard deviations above long-term averages.

Minor test deficits was defined as having a score of at least 0.5 standard deviations below the average score.