pipit

Nightingale, greenfinch, grey partridge, marsh tit, skylark, nightjar and tree pipit - all Red List species - have been recorded.

Birds like the meadow pipit and skylark use the heather for nesting, and it is also a source of food for the red grouse.

Meadow pipit were the most common, with up to 80 individuals feeding on the site at once.

Birds like the African plain-backed pipit combat this with a powerful immune response.

Even more thrilling than Shakleton Gap, he says, was seeing a South Georgia pipit on the beach, hopping around on some kelp.