pathogens

A long-standing question therefore has been whether the immune system can generate antibodies -- proteins that recognise and neutralise specific pathogens -- that can target the wide variety of PfEMP1 types in circulation.

But the very thing that make phages so promising — their ability to evolve in step with pathogens — has been their undoing at the Food and Drug Administration, at least until recently.

She has since suggested that the United States covertly worked with Ukraine on dangerous biological pathogens and was culpable for the bombing of the Nord Stream gas pipeline from Russia to Germany in September 2022.

The study's results could inspire future treatments, including probiotics or dietary plans designed to strengthen the body's natural defenses against harmful pathogens.

Scientists believe that it evolved to protect human beings from invisible contaminants such as pathogens and parasites.