longitude

At 105 degrees West longitude, an active satellite might see a piece of junk come within 50km of its position up to four times a day.

Using this data, researchers applied the kriging method, a well-known statistical technique, to make predictions of soil-bearing layer thickness and depth based on geographic coordinates such as latitude and longitude.

It also includes a timestamp, latitude, longitude, altitude, course over ground and the number of communicating satellites.

But it is “rarely an issue,” he said, because 911 calls show the latitude and longitude of the caller, and dispatchers use Rapid Deploy, which pings cellphone locations.

The history of navigational advancements hinges on the portability of accurate timepieces -- from determining longitude at sea in the 16th Century to ensuring the accurate navigation of space missions and achieving better geo-localization today.