dosage

The researchers said their next steps are to conduct further studies to identify biomarkers, refine dosages, investigate sex differences and figure out how PNA5 might work.

Further research is underway to identify the optimal human dosage of 4-PBA.

Even as this approach gains popularity, pharmaceutical companies advise patients against adjusting dosages.

She said she found that Letby's clinical knowledge was "not where it should be", and that she "struggled" to retain information on medication dosages and to recognise side effects of common drugs.

A survey for the watchdogs suggested less than half of people look for dosage instructions on supplements, with 20% saying they did not read the label.