bottom up

Even then, they mainly constituted “one-way information dissemination efforts via mass media and web-based channels; they were rarely reflective of bottom-up, participatory approaches to engage communities on the protective behaviours,” the authors wrote.

Scientists in the field have described these apparently distinct tumor-forming processes as "bottom-up" and "top-down."

Scientists hope to gain a better understanding of how this process unfolds and how such bottom-up construction can be used to advance technologies in computer science, materials science, medical diagnostics and other areas.

So he came to realize that more of a kind of bottom-up management of the commonwealth is good for people and creates a more equal society.

The EPA estimates that landfills are the third-largest source of human-caused methane emissions in the U.S., but the EPA uses a bottom-up accounting method that often doesn't match observations of atmospheric methane.