aversive

If you stumble during a presentation, you might feel stressed the next time you have to present because your brain associates your next presentation with that one poor and aversive experience.

The participants were then asked to recontextualize the stimulus by generating new kinds of thoughts about an image to make it less aversive, before a neutral image was presented followed by another dislikable image.

"The framework by which we judge what is rewarding or aversive is fundamental to how we make medical decisions," said co-senior author Hans Breiter, a professor of computer science at UC.

This circuit, known as the aversive pathway of nicotine usage, plays a crucial role in limiting nicotine intake and withdrawal symptoms.

Four in five of those who participated in the study reported using aversive training methods, such as shouting, which vets said could increase fear and anxiety.