whether

Sir David says universities also need to collaborate more, and should consider mergers or whether courses at nearby institutions are too similar.

Sir David says he expects “absolute transparency” about what students are getting in return for fees, whether on contact hours or important services such as mental health support.

The forecasts published on Friday will also form part of the public debate, and private negotiations between universities and ministers considering whether tuition fees should rise further in the future.

"I want to stand up for victims of abuse, whether corporate or domestic, to let them know that they can speak up too."

For many, this argument over population and immigration had become a battle over whether Americans want to live in a diverse society.