undervaluation

Following protests in 2019, Chemaf agreed to pay $1.5 million through local authorities, with some former residents receiving between $50 and $300, which the local advocacy group Coalition for Safeguarding of Human Rights called an undervaluation of victims’ properties.

Climate change makes the undervaluation of ecosystem services more dangerous.

“Neighborhoods of color have been historically undervalued due to deliberate racist housing policies, such as redlining. The ongoing undervaluation of homes in Black neighborhoods perpetuates the wealth gap between Black and white families.”

It ruled that the undervaluation of imports meant the UK had not passed on the correct share of import taxes or VAT payments.

Practices such as redlining, racist discrimination and the deliberate undervaluation of Black-owned property extended the thievery to Northern cities as well.