preconception

"People have a preconception about children like Jake and he’s blown that out the water," he said.

"At the preconception care, patients with premenstrual disorders should be informed about the risk of perinatal depression and potential prevention strategies."

“I think the preconception is that these are self-centered show offs,” Lanteri said.

The team found that maternal stress during preconception was associated with higher blood glucose levels, especially among women using intrauterine insemination to conceive and women of higher socioeconomic status.

The team found that women who experienced higher preconception stress had higher mean glucose levels.