subdue

Yet companies had trouble passing the costs onto customers “in the face of subdued demand and intense competition.”

Diversification can subdue volatility, but we can still keep up with returns.

Optimism will remain subdued until more significant traffic and revenue upside become clear, the analysts write.

Capital Economics expects three more rate cuts, bringing the policy rate to 4.0% by early next year, as inflation remains subdued and growth concerns persist.

The company said subdued consumer sentiment and trade uncertainties weighed on its performance in the Americas region, with volume declines most pronounced in the U.S. and Brazil.