✅ Puzzled means being confused or unsure about something (She was puzzled by the strange message).

✅ Flummoxed means being completely baffled or bewildered (The magician's trick was so clever that it left the entire audience flummoxed with their mouths open).

✅ These words both describe states of confusion.

✅ Puzzled is often used for milder confusion, while flummoxed implies a deeper level of bewilderment (She was puzzled by the question, but he was completely flummoxed by it).

✅ A father refers to a male parent or a man who has children (He is a loving father).

✅ A progenitor can be a male or female ancestor who takes part in the creation of future generations (Their sons and daughters were the progenitors of our family lineage).

✅ Both words describe a person from whom others descend.

✅ Father is commonly used for a direct male parent, while progenitor can refer to distant ancestors or originators (My father taught me how to ride a bike; The progenitors of our family migrated here centuries ago).

✅ To deny is to say something is not true (He denied the accusations against him).

✅ To repudiate is to reject or refuse to accept something (She repudiated the outdated traditions of her family).

✅ Both terms describe rejection and refusal.

✅ Deny is often used in the context of refusing the truth of a statement, while repudiate is stronger and can refer to rejecting beliefs or associations (They denied knowing anything about the incident; He repudiated his former mentor's controversial views).