alertness

This was in marked contrast to the main clock in the brain, plus feelings of sleepiness and alertness, which had not recovered within 5 days of the 5-hour time delay.

Aside from increasing alertness, caffeine has also demonstrated antioxidant effects and some protection against a range of chronic and neurodegenerative diseases.

Autobiography — alertness to lived experience, and nurture of the memory of it — has always been Harris’s natural mode as an artist.

The American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society recommend that adults should sleep seven hours per night on a regular basis to promote optimal health, productivity and daytime alertness.

Timing it for later in the morning could help extend its effects into the early afternoon, potentially countering any drop in alertness at that time.