monitorial

In eighteenth-century America, one-room schoolhouses employed the monitorial method, in which older students evaluated the recitations of younger ones.

From The New Yorker ● Jul. 8, 2014

In 1818 there were only one hundred and sixty-five thousand scholars in the monitorial schools—the new schools, which were being established under the auspices of the National Society, and the British and Foreign School Society.

From Harper's New Monthly Magazine, No. V, October, 1850, Volume I. by

Lancaster and Bell introduced the monitorial system, by which one teacher could take charge of a large school, the older pupils teaching the younger ones.

From History of Education by Levi Seeley

By carefully studying and following these directions any reasonably intelligent person could soon learn to become a successful teacher in a monitorial school.

From The History of Education; educational practice and progress considered as a phase of the development and spread of western civilization by Ellwood Patterson Cubberley

Further, the same causes which reduced the control of masters, also embarrassed the upper boys in their monitorial duties. 

From Uppingham by the Sea a Narrative of the Year at Borth by John Huntley Skrine