involution

Tackling involution at its root, many economists argue, would require a fundamental restructuring of the economic system that puts consumer spending in the driver’s seat, rather than leaning on investments and manufacturing.

Chinese workers often invoke the word neijuan, or “involution,” to describe working harder for little to no gains.

“Later, after the game, I confirmed that I have written specifically about what’s called ‘involution of the thymus’ on my blog in October 2018.

“It turns out I just took up another kind of involution.”

"If this can't be halted, the trends in place could lead to a progressive and unsustainable involution of the human capital of most of southern Italy."