exclave

Passenger trains running between Belarus and the Russian exclave of Kaliningrad through Lithuania will not be affected by the decision, the government said.

To fly between the exclave and the Russian capital, planes are forced on an hours-long detour northwards, through the Gulf of Finland, due to a ban on Russian commercial planes using EU airspace.

Poland shares not only a border with the Russian exclave Kaliningrad, but also Belarus, a close Moscow ally now enmeshed in Russia’s defense infrastructure.

Azerbaijan demanded that Armenia give part of this region as a "corridor" to its exclave of Nakhchivan.

For Europe, the latent threat to Nato countries comes primarily from Russia's missiles, some of which are stationed on the Baltic coast in Russia's exclave of Kaliningrad.