enzyme

The CPD gene normally produces an enzyme responsible for generating the amino acid arginine, which then helps create nitric oxide, a key neurotransmitter involved in nerve signaling.

This enzyme binds to receptors on cell surfaces that normally capture LDL cholesterol.

A recent study found that small evolutionary mutations in cGAS -- an enzyme in the innate immune system that detects DNA and triggers immune defenses -- could make these animals better at repairing age-related genetic damage.

When these tough sugars resist decay, the carbon they contain sinks to the seafloor, where it can remain trapped for centuries until the right enzymes appear.

Completely shutting down RAS or the enzymes it controls has proven difficult, because these same pathways are essential for normal cell function.