efficacy

From 1938 through 1962, the Food and Drug Administration required proof of safety before drug approval but not proof of efficacy.

Rather than make direct claims about cures, supplement promoters resort to vague boasts about their products using what the Canadian researchers identify as weasel words that can foster the impression of efficacy.

Mail delivery also presents a risk of compromised safety and efficacy if the package encounters extreme weather conditions, said Douglas Hoey, CEO of the National Community Pharmacists Association.

To confirm the efficacy of the drugs and explore their mechanism of action, the researchers have applied them to a rat model of the disease and, subsequently, to a zebrafish larval model.

Both showed better safety, efficacy, and drug-like characteristics in tests using mice and human cells.