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Although thousands of earthquakes occur each year, most are too weak to be detected except by seismographs, instruments that detect and record vibrations and movements in the Earth. The point where the earthquake originates is the seismic focus, and directly above it on Earth's surface is the earthquake's epicenter. Three kinds of waves accompany earthquakes. Primary (P) waves have a push-pull type of vibration. Secondary (S) waves have a side-to-side type of vibration. Both P and S waves travel deep into Earth, reflecting off the surfaces of its various layers. S waves cannot travel through the liquid outer core. Surface (L) waves—named after the nineteenth-century British mathematician A.E.H. Love—travel along Earth's surface, causing most of the damage of an earthquake. The total amount of energy released by an earthquake is measured on the Richter scale. Each increase by 1 corresponds to a tenfold increase in strength. 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They are usually followed by aftershocks."},{"id":"4c08421c74b71b506aa5e71c","ordinal":2,"text":"See Note at fault"}],"ordinal":1}],"pronunciationSets":[{"pronunciations":[{"ipa":{"text":"ûrth′kwāk′"}}]}],"slug":"earthquake","source":"american-heritage","type":"science"}],"type":"science"},{"entries":[{"createDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","headword":{"normalizedForm":"earthquake","standardForm":"earthquake"},"id":"52c35a808f0d7c8ede64a74f","lang":"en","modifyDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","ngrams":{"allLetters":true,"forward":"earthquake","groups":["a","aa","e","ee","h","k","q","r","t","u"],"numLetters":10,"reverse":"ekauqhtrae","subwordTokens":["earthquake","arthquake","rthquake","thquake","hquake","quake","uake","ake","ke","e"]},"normalizedLetter":"e","notes":[{"text":"Earthquakes are particularly likely where such plates are sliding past each other, as in the San Andreas Fault.","type":"cultural"},{"text":"Earthquakes cannot be accurately predicted, although the likelihood of a region's suffering an earthquake can be estimated.","type":"cultural"}],"ordinal":1,"partOfSpeechBlocks":[{"definitions":[{"id":"52c35a808f0d7c8ede64a750","ordinal":1,"source":"american-heritage","text":"A tremor of the surface of the Earth, sometimes severe and devastating, which results from shock waves generated by the movement of rock masses deep within the Earth, particularly near boundaries of tectonic plates. (See fault, Richter scale, and seismology.)"}],"id":"52c35a808f0d7c8ede64a751","ordinal":1}],"slug":"earthquake","source":"american-heritage","type":"cultural"}],"type":"cultural"}],"meta":{"arg":"earthquake","requestId":"xQGrtndjZjZkKWNz3Zd8B","requestStatus":"fulfilled"}},{"type":"fetchSpellSuggestions/fulfilled","payload":{"data":{"lunaWithSlug":[{"displayForm":"earthquake","slug":"earthquake"},{"displayForm":"earth wave","slug":"earth-wave"},{"displayForm":"microearthquake","slug":"microearthquake"},{"displayForm":"earth smoke","slug":"earth-smoke"},{"displayForm":"earthenware","slug":"earthenware"},{"displayForm":"earth art","slug":"earth-art"},{"displayForm":"earth tone","slug":"earth-tone"},{"displayForm":"earth up","slug":"earth-up"},{"displayForm":"earth wax","slug":"earth-wax"},{"displayForm":"earthman","slug":"earthman"},{"displayForm":"earthnut","slug":"earthnut"}],"tunaWithSlug":[{"displayForm":"earthquake","slug":"earthquake"},{"displayForm":"earthquakes","slug":"earthquakes"},{"displayForm":"earthlike","slug":"earthlike"},{"displayForm":"earthquake wave","slug":"earthquake-wave"},{"displayForm":"earthquake zone","slug":"earthquake-zone"},{"displayForm":"earthenware","slug":"earthenware"},{"displayForm":"aquake","slug":"aquake"},{"displayForm":"earthfall","slug":"earthfall"},{"displayForm":"earthward","slug":"earthward"},{"displayForm":"earthwork","slug":"earthwork"},{"displayForm":"heartbreaker","slug":"heartbreaker"}]}},"meta":{"arg":{"word":"earthquake"},"requestId":"6mtTLsR-oflRLswQEcUat","requestStatus":"fulfilled"}}]},"actionData":null,"errors":null}

earthquake

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