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Definitions

sham

[sham] / ʃæm /






Frequently Asked Questions

What is another word for sham?
The word sham commonly refers to something that’s not what it claims to be—some kind of fraud or fake. This sense of the word can even refer to a person, as in He’s a total fake, a sham—you should see what he’s really like.  Sham is often used even more specifically to refer to something that’s considered a scam, con, or hoax, as in This whole thing is a sham—they’re just trying to get your money.  Sometimes, sham refers to a situation that’s considered illegitimate for some reason, as in The trial was a sham—there wasn’t even a jury. Synonyms for this sense are farce and mockery. Sham can also be used as an adjective for any of these senses, as in sham trial (an illegitimate one), sham marriage (one in which the couple aren’t in a real relationship), or sham version (a fake or knockoff version).
How do you use sham in a sentence?
We use sham in a number of different ways, but they all involve some kind of falseness or fakeness. It’s usually always used negatively. Here are some examples of sham in a sentence:
  • The “charity” event was a sham—it was just an excuse for a tax write-off.
  • I knew something about him seemed fake, but I didn’t expect him to turn out to be a complete sham. 
  • The dictator is known for holding sham elections to give the appearance of legitimacy.

Example Sentences

Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.

See Examples For:

The duo told Rolling Stone on Tuesday that they were sad about the turn of events with Crockett but confirmed that their swanky Satan-loving doo-wop isn’t a sham.

From Los Angeles Times Jul. 15, 2026

In the sham group, participants were assigned foot angles that matched their natural walking pattern.

From Science Daily May 22, 2026

The FDA has demanded the company run another trial in which some patients would have to undergo sham brain surgery to serve as a control group.

From The Wall Street Journal May 3, 2026

The town has become infamous among online animal rescue activists around the world for one thing - sham dog rescue shelters.

From BBC May 3, 2026

Gaum wanted to make a sham of me.

From "The Left Hand of Darkness" by Ursula K. Le Guin

In Minnesota, some Medicaid autism treatment centers, transportation providers and housing purveyors were shams.

From The Wall Street Journal Apr. 29, 2026

Falsified images and propaganda have been misleading people to worse ends for many years, but these recent shams are evidence of a culture-wide abandonment of a common reality.

From Salon Jan. 21, 2026

We make our custom shams 1 inch smaller than the fill to achieve the really full look.

From Seattle Times Aug. 3, 2023

He knows he can turn proceduralist rules into shams, and he knows most of his staff is either too constrained to do anything about it or unaware of what’s really going on.

From Slate Dec. 2, 2021

The history of race relations in Durham was, after all, a long line of such shams extending back for a century.

From "The Best of Enemies" by Osha Gray Davidson

I don’t feel like I got shammed or look like a fool.

From Slate Jul. 19, 2018

In 1692, his language was: "Witchcraft is a business that will not be shammed."

From Salem Witchcraft and Cotton Mather A Reply by Upham, Charles Wentworth

Some people shammed away this confession, and said he was non compos mentis; and had a mind, it seems, to assume the glory of being hanged for the greatest villain.

From An Historical Narrative of the Great and Terrible Fire of London, Sept. 2nd 1666 by Harvey, Gideon

One of them stumbled, fell, held his breath and shammed dead.

From The Glow-Worm and Other Beetles by Teixeira de Mattos, Alexander

Hadji said he was ill of fever, and seemed like an idiot; but the orderly said that the illness was shammed and the stupidity assumed in order not to work.

From Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan, Volume I (of 2) Including a Summer in the Upper Karun Region and a Visit to the Nestorian Rayahs by Bird, Isabella L. (Isabella Lucy)

We have become so inured to all the shamming in plain sight that having it confirmed years later barely even feel like news.

From Slate Jul. 22, 2021

When a man grows insane, they treat him as shamming.

From Slate Jun. 16, 2018

We hope that, like the seemingly mad Edgar in King Lear, Daryl is just shamming – and that he will, like the Shakespearean dissembler, cast off his mask and take out the evil trash.

From The Guardian Nov. 14, 2016

If your point is that Peter is only shamming about his politics, how do you explain this willingness to be imprisoned for them?

From The Guardian Oct. 5, 2010

He was not even sure if Cluny was shamming, pretending that his injuries were severe merely as some kind of test or trap that he had set for his captains.

From "Redwall" by Brian Jacques




Vocabulary lists containing sham


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